alias List or create command aliases autoremove remove all unneeded packages that were originally installed as dependencies check check for problems in the packagedb check-update check for available package upgrades clean remove cached data deplist List package's dependencies and what packages provide them distro-sync synchronize installed packages to the latest available versions downgrade Downgrade a package group display, or use, the groups information help display a helpful usage message history display, or use, the transaction history info display details about a package or group of packages install install a package or packages on your system list list a package or groups of packages makecache generate the metadata cache mark mark or unmark installed packages as installed by user. module Interact with Modules. provides find what package provides the given value reinstall reinstall a package remove remove a package or packages from your system repolist display the configured software repositories repoquery search for packages matching keyword repository-packages run commands on top of all packages in given repository search search package details for the given string shell run an interactive DNF shell swap run an interactive dnf mod for remove and install one spec updateinfo display advisories about packages upgrade upgrade a package or packages on your system upgrade-minimal upgrade, but only 'newest' package match which fixes a problem that affects your system
List of Plugin Commands:
builddep Install build dependencies for package or spec file changelog Show changelog data of packages config-manager manage dnf configuration options and repositories copr Interact with Copr repositories. debug-dump dump information about installed rpm packages to file debug-restore restore packages recorded in debug-dump file debuginfo-install install debuginfo packages download Download package to current directory needs-restarting determine updated binaries that need restarting playground Interact with Playground repository. repoclosure Display a list of unresolved dependencies for repositories repodiff List differences between two sets of repositories repograph Output a full package dependency graph in dot format repomanage Manage a directory of rpm packages reposync download all packages from remote repo
Optional arguments: -c [config file], --config [config file] config file location -q, --quiet quiet operation -v, --verbose verbose operation --version show DNF version and exit --installroot [path] set install root --nodocs do not install documentations --noplugins disable all plugins --enableplugin [plugin] enable plugins by name --disableplugin [plugin] disable plugins by name --releasever RELEASEVER override the value of $releasever in config and repo files --setopt SETOPTS set arbitrary config and repo options --skip-broken resolve depsolve problems by skipping packages -h, --help, --help-cmd show command help --allowerasing allow erasing of installed packages to resolve dependencies -b, --best try the best available package versions in transactions. --nobest do not limit the transaction to the best candidate -C, --cacheonly run entirely from system cache, don't update cache -R [minutes], --randomwait [minutes] maximum command wait time -d [debug level], --debuglevel [debug level] debugging output level --debugsolver dumps detailed solving results into files --showduplicates show duplicates, in repos, in list/search commands -e ERRORLEVEL, --errorlevel ERRORLEVEL error output level --obsoletes enables dnf's obsoletes processing logic for upgrade or display capabilities that the package obsoletes for info, list and repoquery --rpmverbosity [debug level name] debugging output level for rpm -y, --assumeyes automatically answer yes for all questions --assumeno automatically answer no for all questions --enablerepo [repo] --disablerepo [repo] --repo [repo], --repoid [repo] enable just specific repositories by an id or a glob, can be specified multiple times --enable, --set-enabled enable repos with config-manager command (automatically saves) --disable, --set-disabled disable repos with config-manager command (automatically saves) -x [package], --exclude [package], --excludepkgs [package] exclude packages by name or glob --disableexcludes [repo], --disableexcludepkgs [repo] disable excludepkgs --repofrompath [repo,path] label and path to additional repository, can be specified multiple times. --noautoremove disable removal of dependencies that are no longer used --nogpgcheck disable gpg signature checking (if RPM policy allows) --color COLOR control whether color is used --refresh set metadata as expired before running the command -4 resolve to IPv4 addresses only -6 resolve to IPv6 addresses only --destdir DESTDIR, --downloaddir DESTDIR set directory to copy packages to --downloadonly only download packages --comment COMMENT add a comment to transaction --bugfix Include bugfix relevant packages, in updates --enhancement Include enhancement relevant packages, in updates --newpackage Include newpackage relevant packages, in updates --security Include security relevant packages, in updates --advisory ADVISORY, --advisories ADVISORY Include packages needed to fix the given advisory, in updates --bzs BUGZILLA Include packages needed to fix the given BZ, in updates --cves CVES Include packages needed to fix the given CVE, in updates --sec-severity {Critical,Important,Moderate,Low}, --secseverity {Critical,Important,Moderate,Low} Include security relevant packages matching the severity, in updates --forcearch ARCH Force the use of an architecture
dnf基本用法
这里只介绍和yum差不多的常用的功能，dnf模块相关的后文专门介绍。
清理缓存和重建缓存
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sudo dnf clean [ all ] sudo dnf makecache # 注：不兼容以前yum的用法yum makecache fast
$ dnf module list perl AppStream Name Stream Profiles Summary perl 5.24 common [d], minimal Practical Extraction and Report Language perl 5.26 [d] common [d], minimal Practical Extraction and Report Language
$ dnf help module usage: dnf module <modular command> [module-spec [module-spec ...]] ... # 下面是module可用的选项 Module command-specific options: --enabled show only enabled modules --disabled show only disabled modules --installed show only installed modules or packages --profile show profile content --available show only available packages --all remove all modular packages
# 下面是module可用的子命令 <modular command> disable: disable a module with all its streams enable: enable a module stream info: print detailed information about a module install: install a module profile including its packages list: list all module streams, profiles and states provides: list modular packages remove: remove installed module profiles and their packages repoquery: list packages belonging to a module reset: reset a module update: update packages associated with an active stream module-spec Module specification
列出模块：
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# 列出当前系统所有已配置的模块 dnf module list # 列出已启用的模块(可直接安装) dnf module list --enabled
# 列出已被禁用的模块(不可直接安装，需启用后才可安装) dnf module list --disabled
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